Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, specifically computer systems. These processes include learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. Within AI, Machine Learning (ML) is a subset that enables systems to learn from data without explicit programming, using algorithms to build models. Deep Learning (DL), a specialized subfield of ML, employs artificial neural networks with multiple layers (deep networks) to learn complex patterns from large datasets, excelling in tasks like image recognition and natural language processing. Large Language Models (LLMs) are a type of deep learning model trained on vast amounts of text data, capable of understanding, generating, and manipulating human language with remarkable fluency and coherence. AI Agents are autonomous or semi-autonomous software entities designed to perceive their environment, reason about their observations, make decisions, and take actions to achieve specific goals, often integrating LLMs for advanced reasoning.